Volume 1 : Issue 3
1. Assessment of Husbandry practices, Production and Reproductive Performance of Indigenous Cattle in Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Author(s): Tariku Woldeyohannes
Abstract: The study was conducted in Soro and Misha districts of Hadiya zone Southern Ethiopia, to describe the husbandary practices, to assess production and reproductive performance of indigenous cattle breeds. Data collection were carried out by using observation, semi-structured questionnaire, and focused group discussion and also from secondary data sources. A total of 240 households (120 from each district) were selected by using systematic sampling method for questionnaire interview. The collected data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20), and the values were compared at the significance level P<0.05. The study reported that the main purpose of keeping indigenous cattle in both districts were milk production, saving as live bank, draught power, income generation, for meat, manure and ceremonies. The selection criteria used by farmers for selecting male and female cattle were by using mainly associated with production and reproduction parameters. The main feed resources of cattle in dry season were crop residues, communal grazing, maize strover, Enset, Atela and wheat bran. Natural uncontrolled mating system was the main breeding system in the study areas. The average daily milk yield and length of calving interval showed significant variation (p<0.05) between the two studied locations. The major cattle production constraints in the study area were feed shortage, shrinkage of grazing land, lack of capital, shortage of improved breeds, and low productivity of indigenous cattle, lack of improved forages and disease and parasites. The reported major prevalent cattle disease identified were bovine pasteurollosis, foot and mouth disease, diarrhea, sudden death and blackleg. The current study result indicated that cattle production and reproductive performance in the current environmental condition are comparable with other indigenous breed. Therefore, it could be concluded that, management improvement and designing appropriate breed improvement programmes such as participation of the community are critical to improve the breed.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010301
2. The Performance of Agricultural Cooperatives to Endorse Socio-Economic Development in Ethiopia .
Author(s): Dr.S.Srinivasan and Dr.B.Barani Sundaram
Abstract: Cooperatives in Ethiopia provide assistance mainly agricultural farmers’ input and marketing for their produces. Hence, cooperatives are receiving due attention because of their immense contribution to address the challenge of the people with regard to low level of income, unemployment, poor market for agricultural product etc. It is not surprising that the cooperatives have a great role in generating income, providing goods and services at reasonable price to their members goes down to the rural areas and provide employment opportunity to the citizen also. Consequently, cooperatives have a considerable contribution in poverty reduction thereby developing the national economy. Secondary data regarding agricultural inputs distribution in the year 2015/16 - 2018/19, agricultural output marketing by cooperatives from 2016-2018, cooperatives provide job opportunities, performance of primary and secondary cooperatives -2016/17 has been used to analyze performance of agricultural cooperatives in Ethiopia. Cooperatives represent more than 85% of the total input supply to the public and the price drop to the public through competitive order on average 10-15%. The cooperatives of the country contribute meaningful employment opportunity and poverty alleviation in the country in the last ten years and Primary and secondary cooperatives undertaking countless work among the members and their capital accumulation is outstanding in the nation.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010302
3. Performance Evaluation of Lead Acid Battery -Backup Power System of Solar Hybrid Power Plant
Author(s): Bayew Adera and Omprakash Sahu
Abstract: This work is concentrated on determining and evaluating the performance of the lead acid battery energy storage system of the solar hybrid power plant existing at Bahir Dar University. Evaluating the performance of solar battery energy storage system and other integrated units in a stand alone or grid connected solar power plants having prominent significance and contribution with respect to adapting and utilizing the indispensable solar power (PV) technology in Ethiopia. The battery performance evaluation was done by analyzing the long day performance data of the battery backup unit and by carrying out experimental discharging operation. The battery backup unit performance evaluation was done by analyzing the long day performance, the battery efficiency, charging factor, depth of discharge and capacity of the battery. The results shows that the battery was charged without being discharged a number of times. This can be the result of loss energy by self discharge of the battery, or wrong setting in recording of input output values or failure of the Xtender inverter charger RCC -02/03 recording, displaying and control units.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010303
4. Appraisal of The Control 0f Industrial Policies to the Digital Economy: Proof from Tanzania
Author(s): Nuhu A. Sansa
Abstract: Recent in Tanzania evidence show that the rapid technology advancement resulted to the high and significant contribution to the Gross domestic product and economic development. Allude to that fact, the interrogation of policy infrastructure particularly industrial policies to pilot the digital economy is inescapable. The contemporary study is determined to explore the control of industrial policies to the digital economy specifically macroeconomic digital variables employed by the study (Information and Technology Gross Domestic Product and Population Using Internet) during the period from 2010 to 2017 in Tanzania. With respect to that, simple regression model is applied to inquire into the control of industrial policies to the digital economy in Tanzania during the period from 2010 to 2017. Ascribable to the sparseness of data, the only data accessible for the study during the period from 2010 to 2017 were gathered from the World Bank and the Bank Of Tanzania Annual Reports. Straight to investigate the control of industrial policies to the digital economy in Tanzania during the period from 2010 to 2017, industrial policies were represented by the economic openness which be positioned independent variable, while Information and Technology Gross Domestic Product and Population Using Internet were dependent variables in the study. The information discovered in the study were in actual fact catching the attention. Information discovered as a result of the exploration shows that the relationship between economic openness and all digital macroeconomic variable applied by the study (Information and Technology Gross Domestic Product and Population Using Internet) is Negative and meaningless.To such a degree industrial policies had no control to the digital economy during the period from 2010 to 2017 in Tanzania.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010304
5.Determination of Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G dyes in Various Ink Samples by Zero Crossing Method: First Derivative Spectrophotometry
Author(s): Natinael Mekonnen, Mamo Dikamo, Abdurrohman Mengesha, Ali Raza
Abstract: A simple spectrophotometric method has been developed for resolving binary mixtures of Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G dyes of red ballpoint pen ink using the first-derivative spectra with measurements at zero-crossing wavelengths. Calibration graphs were linear up to 8 mg L-1 for Rhodamine B and 10 mg L-1 for Rhodamine 6G. This method was successfully applied for the quantitative determination of dyes having overlapping spectra in their bi-component mixtures. The applied derivative method is practical, simple, rapid, inexpensive and suitable for quantitative analysis of bi-component dye solutions in the ballpoint pen ink.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010305
6. Android Low Energy Device Based Security System for Secure India
Author(s): Dr. Ramkumar Prabhu , Abirami S
Abstract: Personal safety is the major concern for everyone in today’s world. Women feel insecure due to crimes that happen in our world. Nowadays various devices and app are available but it doesn’t seem to protect them. In case of any attacks from any victims, people’s needs a protective device which acts like a protector at the time of attack. This fuels an innovative idea of a Bluetooth aided safety band for a woman who meets the attacks or threats. This research paper focus on creating wearable band device which is connected with smart phone via Bluetooth. In case of any emergency period, the smartphone of the client sends a alert message to predefined numbers with exact location of the device. The main advantage of this band has more reliability, convenience and easy operations between those devices.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010306
7.Entrepreneurial Social Capital Support on the Growth of Small Holder Rural Farmers: Augmenting Livelihoods in Honde Valley, Zimbabwe
Author(s): N Munyawarara, K K Govender
Abstract: This research presents specific insights on entrepreneurial social capital support on the growth of rural small holder farmers to augment livelihoods in Zimbabwe. The smallholder farmers continue to employ every season of the year. The study sought to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial social capital support on small holder rural farmers’ growth in Honde Valley, Zimbabwe. This was motivated by the need to fillup the academic gap on the entrepreneurial social capital support on the growth of agrarian small holder rural farmers. In order to achieve the study objective, a crosssectional survey was carried out using questionnaires and a purposive random sampling technique of 50 rural small holder farmers was considered reliable. The data was collected and analyzed using the statistical packages for social sciences software (SPSS). The findings were presented using both tabular and graphical presentations. Statistics in the study demonstrate that entrepreneurial social capital support augment Livelihoods in Zimbabwe and it’s a means of raising small holder farmer working capital and contribute to their growth. The main reason for entrepreneurial social capital support was for expansion and growth of small holder farmer businesses. This method explains why most rural small holder farmers do not rely on formal borrowing. Finally the businesses that received social capital reported growth .The study recommended that government should set a policy to promote entrepreneurial social capital support systems. From research, it is clear that there exists a large unexploited method of social capital mobilization and its utilization is potential for the growth of agrarian Small Holder rural Farmers.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010307
8.A Smart Stretcher and Integrated Medical Intelligence System Model for Unconscious Person
Author(s): M.Aiswarya, Dr.Ramkumar Prabhu
Abstract: The integration of health information technology into primary care includes a variety of electronic methods. This can improve the quality of care which makes the process quicker. The purpose of this project is to highlight the main features of an intelligent stretcher and a system of monitoring crucial signs of unconscious person. Arduino is the selected device for information processing which collectively obtains the heart rate and respiratory rate of the patient, updating directly to the intensive care unit via IoT. This further updates the biometric details to the police station informing about the accident. This system is developed by using affordable technology and merging different function to offer an expedient solution. Additionally, the stretcher is provided with automatic moving mechanism under the guidance of one person which reduces manpower requirement.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010208
9.Assessing the Teaching Aptitude: A Longitudinal Study of Myanmar Teacher Trainees
Author(s): Yar Zar Chit
Abstract: This study investigated the teaching aptitude of B.Ed 2016 December intake teacher trainees during their attendance in Sagaing University of Education, Myanmar. A total of 263 teacher trainees in Sagaing University of Education participated in this study. Longitudinal research design and survey method were used. The instrument for this research was adapted from Teaching Aptitude of Indian Competitive Exams of Chhattisgarh (TAICE). The data were collected at four different times. Finally, to confirm the results, the interview protocols were done. According to the research findings, it was found that the teacher trainees’ teaching aptitudes were significantly improved during three academic years. However, it was found that there was no significant main effect of gender. Similarly, there was also no significant main effect of previous achievement. This research hopes that the teacher trainers and the leaders of the teacher training programs will get some ideas to promote the teaching aptitude of the trainees.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010309
10.Procurement Practices and its Problems in Telecom Sector: The Case of Northeast Region – Ethiopia.
Author(s): Dr.Uvaneswaran S.M and Mr.Naod Mekennon
Abstract: Procurement is a means by which an organization acquires goods, works & services based on law. In Ethiopia, the monopoly of telecom services rendered by Ethio telecommunication as a Government owned enterprises. More than two third of Ethio telecom northeast region’s annual budget is spent to procurement. The negligence of the procurement unit has a direct impact on the performance of all departments in terms of additional costs. This paper is to identify the Perception of employees and Problems (Performance) of Procurement practices in the Ethio telecom. The research takes a form of explanatory research and primary data were used to collect data through questionnaires from a sample of 133 employees of the organization, interviews from procurement department head, focus group discussion from purchasing committee and the secondary data were collected from the organization’s procurement department documents. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The major finding indicates that, the performance of the procurement department is low in terms of procurement of the right quality, time & source due to long work flow process flow of the new revised Works Procurement Policies and Procedures (WPPP), bureaucratic nature, lack of delegation, problem of planning in supplier’s selection. Hence, the management of ethio telecom should give adequate emphasis on effective implementation of the Procurement manual, follow procurement principles, attention to user’s complaints, prearranged mechanism to manage purchase documents and strong relationships with competent suppliers are desirable to uplift the telecommunications into a profitable service.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010310
11.Application Of Remote Sensing And GIS in the Identification of Waste Land in Gadilam Lower Sub Basin Of Ponnaiyar Basin in Cuddalore District
Author(s): S. Deeba, R.S. Soundharya, D. Radhakrishnan
Abstract: Owing to increasing pressure of population there is an excessive demand of lands both in agriculture and non-agriculture purposes. This has resulted in vast stretches of waste land such as degraded land, soil salinity, water logging, desertification, soil erosion etc.; decrease in per capita cultivable land beside ecological imbalances. The pilot studies were carried out by NRSA and evaluated by different experts, and it was decided that the waste land maps on 1:50000 scales depicting the village boundaries were considered to be adequate for reclamation purpose. At present, the new techniques like remote sensing and GIS are used to delineate waste lands, faster and also produce better results. Current study, choose the study area of Gadilam river sub basin falling in Cuddalore and Villupuram districts. Gadilam is one of the sub-basin of Ponnaiyar basin. Main goal of the study examined the role of remote sensing and GIS for the identification of wasteland and to convert the wasteland into fertile land. Study conducted, and various data collected at different levels related to rainfall, control well details, water quality etc. Satellite imagery of the study area is also collected and interpreted. Furthermore, the maps like geology, soil are also collected. Geomorphology, land use, lineament, waste land were generated from satellite imagery. By overlaying the various thematic maps, wastelands and wasteland categories are identified. With the help of ground water wastelands of this study area is to be converted into fertile land.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010311
12.Study of Energy States and U(5) – O(6) Transitional Symmetry of Even–Even104 – 108Cd Isotopes by Interacting Boson Model(IBM-1).
Author(s): Omar Ahmed Muaffaq
Abstract: In this study we calculated the energy levels of low lying structure for 104 – 108 Cd isotopes and the reduced transition B(E2) of even – even Cd nuclei for A=104,106, 108 by using" the interaction boson model IBM-1" and compared with experimental values .The ratio R(4/2) for the energy levels for 41 + and 21 + states were also calculated for those isotopes .The 104 – 108 Cd nuclei in " U(5) – O(6) transitional symmetry" were studied .The contour plots of the potential energy surfaces (P E S) was calculate for the isotopes above .
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010312
13.Production of Bio-Diesel from Non- Edible Oil (WCO) .
Author(s): Saroj Rani, Sukhdeep Kaur, Shivani, Harneet Kaur
Abstract: Today world’s energy demands are increasing day by day due to increase in population, standard of living, industrialization& urbanization and which are mostly fulfilled by fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are non-renewable so its reserves are getting declined and also it is environmentally unreasonable. This made an interest in the area of alternative fuels. Biodiesel can be good alternative fuel because of its renewability and environmental benefits and apart from this it can be a strategic source of energy for the countries which doesn’t have oilfields. Biodiesel can be produced from edible, non-edible, algae and waste cooking oils. There are four essential approaches to make biodiesel, direct use and mixing, miniaturized scale emulsions, warm breaking (pyrolysis) and Transesterification. The most regularly utilized technique is transesterification of vegetable oils and creature fats. This researches the transesterification response of refined vegetable oils by methods for ethanol, utilizing sodium methoxide and sodium hydroxide as impetuses. Especially, the goal of this work was to plan ethyl esters with the two distinctive homogeneous impetuses, while the response had been done in one stage. A short time later, the subsequent items were assessed with respect to the physicochemical properties
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010313