Volume 1 : Issue 4
1. Demonstration of Common Bean Varieties (Dursitu and Chercher) in the Gurawa and Kurfa Chele Districts, East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.
Author(s): Suleyman Abdureman Omer and Nuradin Abdi Hassen
Abstract: Common bean is becoming increasingly important in eastern Ethiopia because of the recurrent late onset and early termination of rainfall. It is an important crop under various intercropping systems. The major problems of common bean production in Eastern Ethiopia are: inaccessibility to improved common bean varieties, low extension intervention, and inferior performance of local varieties. Hence, its specific objectives were to demonstrate the two improved common bean varieties (Dursitu and Chercher) with the local one; to evaluate their performances and identify a variety that meets farmers’ criteria. Gurawa and Kurfa Chele districts were identified from Eastern Hararghe Zone using purposive sampling technique based on common bean production potential. Two kebeles were identified from each district. Three model farmers were selected from each kebele depending on common bean production potential. Training is one of the important extension methods to enhance and integrate the farmers’ indigenous knowledge and skill with improved practices. Field days were organized in June for Belg and September for the Maher seasons. The common beans were compared and prioritized based on participants’ criteria. Chercher variety was selected first, Dursitu second and the local common bean third based on their maturity dates, colour and market demand. In general, participants’ capability and skill on the improved common bean production technologies increased. The ground for further popularization and dissemination of the two improved common bean technologies was established.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010401
2. Forensic Entomology: an inventory of Arthropods collected on the decomposing pig Carrions during the dry season in Warri, Southern Nigeria
Author(s): Odo P.E and Iloba B.N
Abstract: Arthropods found on the pig carrions in the dry season in the Warri city at 05°32’34.95"N and 05°44’39.834"E from 10th December 2017 to 10th February 2018 studied. Three pigs were killed and their decomposition monitored for 60 days, arthropods were collected with the aid of sweep nets, brushes, handpicking and pitfall traps while the soil below the decaying pig carrions were searched extensively twice daily for the first week and once daily for the remaining weeks. Data analysis was done by Microsoft excel while graphs were used to demonstrate the frequencies of the arthropods in every phase of decomposition, pie chart was used to elucidate stages of putrefaction and their respective periods. The outcome of the study showed five exclusive stages of decay: fresh, bloated, active decay, advance decay and dry decay correspondingly. The fresh stage took shortest days of 2 as the dry decay took longest days of 41. A total of 1495 arthropods were collected, at the fresh stage, there were 244 arthropods, while 213 were Diptera, only 19 were Hymenoptera and 12 were also Coleoptera but at the bloated stage of decomposition, a total of 273 arthropods were recorded, Diptera were 223 as hymenoptera were 21 and Coleoptera were 29 while at the active decay stage of decomposition there were a total of 437 arthropods, 333 of them were Diptera, 29 were Hymenoptera as 75 were Coleoptera but at the advance decay stage of decomposition, there were a total of 438 arthropods, 225 of them were Diptera, 30 were Hymenoptera as 91 were Coleoptera but at the dry decay stage of decomposition, only 195 arthropods were recorded, 96 of them were Diptera, 21 were Hymenoptera and 78 were Coleoptera in that order, for the reason that the Coleoptera and Diptera used the decaying pig carrions for breeding of their offspring, they could be used in the estimation of the time after death hence are of immense forensic importance while the role of the recorded Hymenoptera could also be of great importance as the tears and wears that they created on the carrions could be cause of error in the estimation of the time of death and their predatory role could also give a fake entomofauna documentation data, more researches of this nature are to be carried out in Warri city and other neighboring communities in order to document reliable database of arthropod of forensic importance in the oil rich city.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010402
3.Study of Toxic and Non-Toxic Metals in the Blood of Smokers and Non-Smokers by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Author(s): Aleeza Javeed, Iqra Azam and Humayun Ajaz
Abstract: Cigarette smoking is considered as addictive and destructive behaviour. It creates health problems and variation in different parameters of blood. Cigarette smoking also causes environmental pollution by releasing toxic air pollutants into the atmosphere. Analysis of Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Iron (Fe) in blood of smokers and non-smokers was done by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and there was also comparison of effect of cigarette smoking on haemoglobin (Hb) between smokers and non-smokers before and after medication. Samples of smokers and non-smokers were collected from different areas of Lahore. After experimentation, statistics applied for conclusion. Samples of smokers and non-smokers were collected to compare the effect of smoking on Hb before and after medication. Smokers and non-smokers were medicated by medicine Surbex Z for one week. The Hb level of smokers and nonsmokers was noted before and after medication. Time duration has been taken into account for effective medication.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010403
4.Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions in University Graduating Students, Ethiopia An Empirical Review of Selected Papers
Author(s): Adissu Ketemaw
Abstract: The purpose of this research was identifying the major determinant factors of entrepreneurial intention of university graduate student by reviewing 20 selected papers which were conducted in this area from the year 2013 up to 2019. on the base of theory of planed behavior the researcher identifies which factors were significantly affects entrepreneurship intentions. Easily available published papers were collected. Exploratory research design was implemented to identify the cross link effects of variables. Both qualitative and quantitative research approach was used to summarize and quantify the researchers finding. Secondary types of data were used to as source of data from 20 numbers of papers through critical review data collected. The research was employed both Descriptive and inferential statics techniques of data analysis. in the descriptive the result shows that analysis most researchers select attitude towards, entrepreneurship education, perceived social norms and perceived behavioral control as determinant variables. Finally study concludes that attitude toward entrepreneurship has significant positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions. subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have also significant positive influence and also entrepreneurship education External Environment personal background factor, locus of control, motivation for achievement and demographic characteristics have moderate positive influence on entrepreneurial intentions of graduate student in Ethiopia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010404
5. Effect of Antibacterial Agents on the Microbial Flora of Some Fruits and Vegetables.
Author(s): Omorodion Nnenna and Oriji Gift
Abstract: Six samples of fruits (apple, banana, mango, orange, pineapple and watermelon) and six samples of vegetables (cabbage, carrot, cucumber, lettuce, potato and tomato) were purchased from wokem market in Choba town PH, Rivers State and microbiological analysis were carried out these fruits and vegetables samples and the effects of the antimicrobial agents (Ethanol and Hydrogen peroxide) on the microbial load. The Total viable count, Total coliform count and Escherichia count were determined via standard microbiological methods. . The microorganisms isolated were Escherichia coli 42%, Staphylococcus aureus 30%, Pseudomonas spp 18%, Bacillus spp,6% and Serratia spp, 2%. Hydrogen perioxide had a high pathogen reduction rate than ethanol.The isolation of E coli and other pathogenic microorganisms indicates the presences of faecal contamination and the poor hygienic production, storage and transport system. Fruits and vegetables should be properly handled from their seeds planted in the farm to the matured ones sold in the market
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46378/irjst.2020.010405